Tournament poker betting rules

Any penalty begins at the end of the hand. See Rule Chip dumping and other forms of collusion will result in disqualification. For missed rounds, the offender will miss one hand for every player including him or her at the table when the penalty is given multiplied by the number of penalty rounds.

Repeat infractions are subject to escalating penalties. Players away from the table or on penalty may be anted or blinded out of a tournament. B: A penalty may be invoked for etiquette violations Rule 70 , card exposure with action pending, throwing cards, violating one-player-to-a-hand, or similar incidents. Penalties will be given for soft play, abuse, disruptive behavior, or cheating. C: Players on penalty must be away from the table.

Cards are dealt to their seats, their blinds and antes posted, their hands are killed after the initial deal, and if dealt the stud bring-in they must post the bring-in. D: Chips of a disqualified player shall be removed from play. When a player bets all-in, the dealer places an all-in button in front of the player, in full view of the rest of the table.

TDA Recommended Procedures are policy suggestions to reduce errors and improve event management. They also may apply to situations with too many variations to address in one universal rule. The fairest ruling in these cases may require use of multiple rules, evaluation of all circumstances, and reliance on Rule 1 as a primary guide. Bringing in Bets is Discouraged Routinely bringing in chips as betting and raising proceeds around the table is poor dealing practice.

Only the player currently facing action may ask the dealer to bring-in bets. Personal Belongings The table surface is vital for chip stack management, dealing, and betting. Each cardroom should clearly display its policy on items allowed in the tournament area. Play proceeds with the new stub. Prematurely Dealt Cards Board and burn cards are sometimes dealt prematurely, before action on the preceding round is finished.

The general procedures for these situations are: A: Premature flop, leave the flop burn card as the burn. Return the premature board cards to the deck stub and reshuffle the entire stub. Re-deal the flop without another burn from the newly shuffled stub. B: A premature turn card is put to the side. Another card is burned, and the normal river card is used as the new turn card. After action on the turn, the premature turn card is placed back in the stub, the stub is reshuffled, and a river card is dealt without another burn.

C: A premature river card is placed back into the remaining stub, and the premature river burn card is left as the river burn. Once action on the turn is completed, reshuffle the stub and deal the river without a new burn card. D: For a premature card in stud, additional cards are dealt and placed to the side along with the premature card s to represent an entire round of cards for the remaining live players.

Once action on the round is complete, burn and deal the next street as normal. On the final street the premature and additional cards set aside are placed back into the stub. Re-shuffle the stub and deal the final street. Efficient Movement of Players Moving players for breaking and balancing should be expeditious so as not to unduly miss blinds or otherwise delay the game.

Timing of Dealer Pushes The TDA recommends that dealers hold up the push 90 seconds prior to a scheduled break or a level change. This avoids having time expire in crucial stages of the game. If enough players bust on the current hand to break into the money, the busting players will be eligible for a share of the place s paid on the current hand. Example: NLHE tournament paying 50 players. All 3 players will share in the 50th place payout. B: During H4H play, each hand will run the same pre-determined amount of time off the clock regardless of how long the hand actually takes.

The TDA standard is 2-minutes per hand. The 2-minute run-off starts with the current hand at time of announcement. At the start of the next hand the clock is set to At the start of the following hand it is set to and so on. D: Blinds continue to increase as time elapses off the clock at the rate of 2 minutes per hand and new levels are reached. E: Players are encouraged but not required to remain seated during H4H play.

F: In the event of an all-in and call during H4H, the cards of all players in the hand should remain face down. Dealers should not deal additional cards until instructed. RP Number of Players at Final Table 9 and 8-handed events will combine from two tables of five players each to a 9-handed final table.

The player can be the bring-in. B: A card exposed by the dealer on 7th street will be replaced if betting action remains on the hand. C: Cards of a player not at his or her seat See Rule 30 for the deal will be killed. No cards will be dealt to a hand on 4th street that is not live. D: If there are two or more matching high hands showing in Stud or Stud-8 or low hands in Razz, betting starts on the hand with the high card by suit in both games.

E: If the player dealt the low card by suit is all-in for the ante, betting starts to his or her left. Players with chips must bet at least the bring-in or fold. F: Bets will not be doubled on 4th street for a pair showing. G: For premature cards dealt in stud see RPD. H: 7th street short stub procedure. The new stub will be cut, a card burned, and one card dealt to each player. B if there are at least 3 cards in the current stub but adding the prior burns would not reach the required number, the dealer will burn the top card of the current stub and deal the next card as a community card in the center of the table.

C if the current stub has less than 3 cards, it will be scrambled with the 3 prior burns for a new stub which will then be cut, a card burned, and the next card dealt as a community card. D If a community card is in play, the first player who would act on 6th street will be first to act on 7th street. RP Ante Formats. No Ante Reduction For single-payer systems, the big blind ante format BBA with the ante-first calculation is recommended. Antes should not be reduced including at the final table as play progresses in the event.

All-in bets will be counted only on request of the player currently facing action. Accepted action continues to apply Rule Scheduled and discretionary color-ups improve bet countability. Illustration Addendum Rules Version 1. TDA Rules supplement the rules of this house.

An example of one such process: 1 show players at the breaking table the new seat cards then scramble the cards face down and form a stack; 2 the dealer then deals one playing card face up to each player. The seat cards are then dealt out with the first seat card going to the player with the highest playing card by suit showing.

Rule Face Up for All-Ins. This rule means that all downcards of all players will be turned up at once when at least one player is all-in and there is no chance of further betting action by the other player s. Do not wait for the showdown to turn the cards up; do not wait for side pots to be divided before turning up the all-in who is only in for the main pot; if betting action is finalized on any street prior to the showdown, turn the cards up at that point and then run out the remaining cards.

Example 1. Two players remain. On the turn, Player A the shorter stack pushes all-in and is called by B. Example 2. Three players remain. Pre-flop, Player A the shortest stack pushes all-in and is called by both B and C. Do not turn cards up yet because B and C both have chips so further betting action is possible.

On the turn B pushes all-in and C calls. Turn all hands up now A, B, and C because no further betting is possible. Burn and turn the river then proceed to showdown. Award the side pot between B and C first, then award the main pot.

Example 3. Pre-flop, Player A the shortest stack pushes all-in for and is called by both B and C who have several thousand each left. On the turn B bets and C calls. On the river both B and C check. Turn all hands up now A, B, and C because betting is over and the hand is moving to showdown.

There is no betting on the river and no player is all-in. At showdown Player A discards face down and the cards are pushed into the muck by the dealer. B tables his hand, showing trips. C pushes his cards forward face-down.

Example 2: NLHE. No player is all-in. D instantly discards face down and the dealer kills his hand into the muck. C begins to push his cards forward face-down. Rule Awarding Odd Chip s. Two players win both high and low with rainbow. A has s. B has c. The pot contains 66 chips total after being broken to smallest denominations. Right way to split: as evenly as possible; 33 to A and 33 to B.

Wrong way to split: Divide entire pot 33 high, 33 low. Then give A the odd chip from the high pot for the high card by suit 6s and give A the odd chip from the low pot for high card by suit 6s. A ends up with 34 chips while B gets Two players win both high and low with A has high card by suit 6s. Right way to split: as evenly as possible; 33 to A with high card by suit, and 33 to B.

Pre-flop, initial cards dealt to all players. Seat 3 UTG folds and Seat 4 calls, completing substantial action with 2 actions with chips. Seat 5 then realizes she has only 1 card and her hand is dead because SA has occurred. The dealer will burn only one card and then put out the flop.

Example 1-B: Same game and initial deal. Seat 3 UTG folds and Seat 4 calls, completing substantial action. Seat 5 then realizes she has 3 cards and her hand is dead because SA has occurred. The dealer will burn one card and then put out the flop. Not everyone at the table heard the declaration. Player B pushes out 5k to call. Both players table and A has the best hand.

The chip appeared to be a bet of 5k. In these unclear and contradictory situations, the TD will make the fairest ruling possible using Rule 1. Rule Raise Amounts. Post-flop, A opens with a bet of B raises for total of C re-raises for total of So, D must re-raise at least more for a total of Pre-flop A is under the gun and goes all-in for a total of an increase in the bet of So, we have a blind bet and an all-in wager that increases the total by Which is larger?

On the turn A bets B pushes out two chips making the total a raise. It is to C to call. A raises 75 to total. B now raises the minimum 75 to total. C then re-raises for total of We now have a bet of 50, two raises of 75 and a raise of for total of So, D must raise at least more to a total of Example 4-B: Same as 4-A. Rule Multiple Chip Betting.

This is a call because neither chip can be removed and still leave at least Preflop the UTG raises to total of This is a call because neither the nor the can be removed and still leave at least Four of the s could be removed and still leave the call amount. Since the UTG put out he must raise in this example.

Two of the s can be removed and still leave the call amount therefore this is subject to Rule Example 4: Multiple-chip bet of all chips. A If all chips are needed to make the call, this is treated exactly the same as a player with chips behind See example 1 above. Example 4-B: Same opener, B puts out one and two s. In these two examples all new chips when combined with the prior chips are needed to make the call.

Situation 2: If prior chip s cover the call amount, adding any new chip s is a Rule 45 multiple chip bet. Pre-flop raise to more to BB. The 1k prior chip covers the raise, thus adding any new chip s is a Rule 45 bet of all chips. Situation 5: Regardless of the above, the gesture of combining and pushing or tossing all chips forward may be interpreted as intent to bet all chips under Rule Rule Re-opening the bet. Multiple short all-in wagers that cumulatively equal a full raise and therefore re-open betting: NLHE, Blinds Post-flop, A opens betting for the minimum.

B goes all in for a total of C calls the , D goes all in for total and E calls Action returns to A who is facing a total raise of Since is a full raise, the betting is re-opened for A who can fold, call, or raise here. Example 1-A: At the end of Example 1 above, A smooth calls the total another to him. The bet is now on C who only faces a 75 increment. C called previously and now faces total 75 more.

C must face at least total to re-open betting. Because 75 is not a full raise, betting for C is not re-opened and C can either call with 75 more or fold, he cannot raise. Example 2: Multiple short all-ins, the min-raise is the last full valid bet or raise. NLHE, Blinds Post-flop A opens for , B pushes all-in for total, C goes all-in for total, D goes all-in for total, E calls What is the min raise for Player F?

The opening bet sets the initial min raise. Because no single player was all-in for more than , the min raise for F remains F can either smooth call or raise to at least See also Rule 43, Example 2 in Illustration Addendum. Short all-in, 2 scenarios. Pre-flop A calls the BB for B folds and C pushes all-in for total an increment of above the BB.

Example 3-A. The BB can fold, smooth call the , or raise by at least for a total of 11, A has already acted and is facing which is not a full raise. Example 3-B. The BB raises the minimum , for a total of It is now to A and because is more than a full minimum raise, betting is now re-opened for A who can fold, call, or re-raise.

Post-flop, A opens for , B raises to , C pushes out silently. Example 2: NLHE, blinds Post-flop 4 players remain. A opens for , B silently puts out The dealer may be given the responsibility of tracking the current bet amount, from which each player has only to subtract their contribution, if any, thus far.

To aid players in tracking bets, and to ensure all players have bet the correct amount, players stack the amount they have bet in the current round in front of them. When the betting round is over a common phrase is "the pot's good" , the players will push their stacks into the pot or the dealer will gather them into the pot.

Tossing chips directly into the pot known as splashing the pot , though popular in film and television depictions of the game, causes confusion over the amount of a raise and can be used to hide the true amount of a bet. Likewise, string raises, or the act of raising by first placing chips to call and then adding chips to raise, causes confusion over the amount bet. Both actions are generally prohibited at casinos and discouraged at least in other cash games.

Acting out of turn[ edit ] Most actions calls, raises or folds occurring out-of-turn—when players to the right of the player acting have not yet made decisions as to their own action—are considered improper, for several reasons. First, since actions by a player give information to other players, acting out of turn gives the person in turn information that they normally would not have, to the detriment of players who have already acted.

For instance, say that with three players in a hand, Player A has a weak hand but decides to try a bluff with a large opening bet. Player C then folds out of turn while Player B is making up their mind. Player B now knows that if they fold, A will take the pot, and also knows that they cannot be re-raised if they call. This may encourage Player B, if they have a good "drawing hand" a hand currently worth nothing but with a good chance to improve substantially in subsequent rounds , to call the bet, to the disadvantage of Player A.

Second, calling or raising out of turn, in addition to the information it provides, assumes all players who would act before the out of turn player would not exceed the amount of the out-of-turn bet. This may not be the case, and would result in the player having to bet twice to cover preceding raises, which would cause confusion.

Cards[ edit ] Players work to minimize the visibility of their hand to others by only turning up part of their cards A player is never required to expose their concealed cards when folding or if all others have folded; this is only required at the showdown. Many casinos and public cardrooms using a house dealer require players to protect their hands. This is done either by holding the cards or, if they are on the table, by placing a chip or other object on top.

Unprotected hands in such situations are generally considered folded and are mucked by the dealer when action reaches the player. This can spark heated controversy, and is rarely done in private games. The style of game generally determines whether players should hold face-down cards in their hands or leave them on the table. Holding "hole" cards allows players to view them more quickly and thus speeds up gameplay, but spectators watching over a player's shoulder can communicate the strength of that hand to other players, even unintentionally.

Unwary players can hold their hand such that a "rubbernecker" in an adjacent seat can sneak a peek at the cards. Lastly, given the correct light and angles, players wearing glasses can inadvertently show their opponents their hole cards through the reflection in their glasses. Thus for most poker variants involving a combination of faceup and facedown cards most variants of stud and community are dealt in this manner , the standard method is to keep hole cards face-down on the table except when it is that player's turn to act.

Cash and chips[ edit ] Chips are available in many denominations Making change out of the pot is allowed in most games; to avoid confusion, the player should announce their intentions first. Then, if opening or cold calling, the player may exchange a large chip for its full equivalent value out of the pot before placing their bet, or if over-calling may place the chip announcing that they are calling or raising a lesser amount and remove the change from their own bet for the round.

Normally, if a player places one oversized chip in the pot without explicitly voicing intention while facing a bet, the action is automatically deemed a call whether or not the chip is large enough to otherwise qualify as a raise. In most casinos players are prohibited from handling chips once they are placed in the pot, although a player removing their own previous bet in the current round from the pot for the purpose of calling a raise or re-raising is usually tolerated.

Otherwise, the dealer is expected to make change when required. Making change should, in general, be done between hands whenever possible, when a player sees they are running low of an oft-used value. The house dealer at most casinos maintains a chip bank and can usually make change for a large amount of chips. In informal games, players can make change with each other or with unused chips in the set.

Similarly, buying in for an additional amount must be done between hands or, at least, done after a player has folded during the current hand since players are not allowed to add to their stack during a hand. As described below, some casinos alleviate this issue by allowing cash to be deemed temporarily "in play" while staff fetches chips.

Players who wish to always play with at least the buy-in limit will often carry additional chips in their pocket so that whenever they lose a pot they can quickly "top up" without inconveniencing the dealer or delaying the game. While having players buy chips directly from the dealer is seen as a convenience by some players, and can help deter players from exceeding buy-in limits, many players dislike this system because it slows down the game, especially if the dealer is expected to count large numbers of small denominations of chips.

Also, many jurisdictions require all such purchases or, at least, all larger transactions to be confirmed primarily to ensure accuracy by a supervisor or other staff member, potentially causing further delay. To speed up play and, by extension, increase the number of hands dealt and rake earned by the casino , many casinos require players to buy chips from a cashier - to assist players, some establishments employ chip runners to bring cash and chips to and from the tables.

Many casinos have a dedicated cashier station located in or very near the poker room, although in some usually, smaller venues the same cashier station that handles other transactions will also handle poker-related purchases. In addition, if the casino uses the same chips for poker as for other games then it is often possible to bring chips from such games to the poker table.

Touching another player's chips without permission is a serious breach of protocol and can result in the player being barred from the casino. Most tournaments and many cash games require that larger denomination chips be stacked in front i.

This rule is employed to discourage attempts to conceal stack size. Some casinos discourage, prohibit or simply refrain from circulating larger chip denominations to prevent them from being used in lower-stakes cash games, although the drawback is that larger stacks won during play will become more difficult to handle and manage as a result.

Some informal games allow a bet to be made by placing the amount of cash on the table without converting it to chips, as this speeds up play. However, table stakes rules strictly prohibit this from being done while a hand is in progress. Other drawbacks to using cash include the ease with which cash can be "ratholed", which is normally disallowed, in addition to the security risk of leaving cash on the table.

As a result, many games and virtually all casinos require a formal "buy-in" when a player wishes to increase their stake, or at least require any cash placed on the table to be converted into chips as quickly as possible. Players in home games typically have both cash and chips available; thus, if money for expenses other than bets is needed, such as food, drinks and fresh decks of cards, many players typically pay out of pocket.

Some players especially professionals loath removing any part of their stack from play for any reason, especially once their stacks exceed the initial buy-in limit. In casinos and public cardrooms, however, the use of cash is occasionally restricted or discouraged, so players often establish a small cache of chips called the "kitty", used to pay for such things. At a casino, dealers who exchange cash for chips are expected to immediately secure any cash by placing it into a locked box near their station.

This means that regardless of how chips are purchased, when cashing them in it is typically not possible to sell them back to the dealer since they have no access to any cash. Poker chips must therefore be taken to the cashier to be exchanged for cash. Dealers who handle buy-ins will often be willing and sometimes encourage departing players to "color up" their stacks by exchanging them for the highest-available denominations, both for the convenience of the player and to minimize the number of times casino staff must deliver fresh chips to the poker table - a time-consuming process.

On the other hand, casinos that expect players to buy chips from the cashier will usually furnish players with chip trays typically designed to handle chips each to ease the handling of large numbers of chips. Chips given by players or otherwise retained by the dealer for tips, rake and other fees where applicable are usually placed in separate locked boxes by the dealer, although in some casinos the rake is kept in a separate row in the dealer's tray.

Other rules[ edit ] Public cardrooms often have additional rules designed to speed up play, earn revenue for the casino such as the "rake" , improve security and discourage cheating. Forced bets[ edit ] All poker games require some forced bets to create an initial stake for the players to contest, as well as an initial cost of being dealt each hand for one or more players. The requirements for forced bets and the betting limits of the game see below are collectively called the game's betting structure.

Ante[ edit ] An ante is a forced bet in which all players put an equal amount of money or chips into the pot before the deal begins. Often this is either a single unit a one-value or the smallest value in play or some other small amount; a proportion such as a half or a quarter of the minimum bet is also common.

An ante paid by every player ensures that a player who folds every round will lose money though slowly , thus providing all players with an incentive, however small, to play the hand rather than toss it in when the opening bet reaches them. Antes are the most common forced bet in draw poker and stud poker but are uncommon in games featuring blind bets see next section.

However, some tournament formats of games featuring blinds impose an ante to discourage extremely tight play. Antes encourage players to play more loosely by lowering the cost of staying in the hand calling relative to the current pot size, offering better pot odds. With antes, more players stay in the hand, which increases pot size and makes for more interesting play.

This is considered important to ensure good ratings for televised tournament finals. Most televised high-stakes cash games also use both blinds and antes. Televised cash games usually have one of the players, normally the dealer, pay for everyone to accelerate play. If there are six players for example, the dealer would toss six times the ante into the pot, paying for each person. Tournaments which employ antes, often do so only in the later rounds. This simplifies betting, but causes minor inequities if other players come and go or miss their turn to deal.

During such times, the player can be given a special button indicating the need to pay an ante to the pot known as "posting"; see below upon their return. Some cardrooms eliminate these inequities by always dealing all players into every hand whether they are present or not. In such cases casino staff or neighboring players under staff supervision will be expected to post antes and fold hands on behalf of absent players as necessary.

Main article: Blind poker A standard Texas hold 'em game with blinds A blind bet or just blind is a forced bet placed into the pot by one or more players before the deal begins, in a way that simulates bets made during play. The most common use of blinds as a betting structure calls for two blinds: the player after the dealer blinds about half of what would be a normal bet, and the next player blinds what would be a whole bet.

This two-blind structure, sometimes with antes, is the dominating structure of play for community card poker games such as Texas hold 'em. Sometimes only one blind is used often informally as a "price of winning" the previous hand , and sometimes three are used this is sometimes seen in Omaha hold 'em.

In the case of three blinds usually one quarter, one quarter, and half a normal bet amount , the first blind goes "on the button", that is, is paid by the dealer. A blind is usually a "live bet"; the amount paid as the blind is considered when figuring the bet to that player the amount needed to call during the first round. However, some situations, such as when a player was absent from the table during a hand in which they should have paid a blind, call for placing a "dead blind"; the blind does not count as a bet.

If there have been no raises when action first gets to the big blind that is, the bet amount facing them is just the amount of the big blind they posted , the big blind has the ability to raise or check. This right to raise called the option occurs only once.

As with any raise, if their raise is now called by every player, the first betting round closes as usual. Similarly to a missed ante, a missed blind due to the player's temporary absence e. Upon the player's return, they must pay the applicable blind to the pot for the next hand they will participate in. The need for this rule is eliminated in casinos that deal in absent players as described above. Also the rule is for temporary absences only; if a player leaves the table permanently, special rules govern the assigning of blinds and button see next subsection.

In some fixed-limit and spread-limit games, especially if three blinds are used, the big blind amount may be less than the normal betting minimum. Players acting after a sub-minimum blind have the right to call the blind as it is, even though it is less than the amount they would be required to bet, or they may raise the amount needed to bring the current bet up to the normal minimum, called completing the bet.

When a player in the blinds leaves the game[ edit ] When one or more players pays the small or big blinds for a hand, then after that hand permanently leaves the game by "busting out" in a tournament or simply calling it a night at a public cardroom , an adjustment is required in the positioning of the blinds and the button. There are three common rule sets to determine this: Simplified: The dealer button moves to the next active player on the left, and the small and big blinds are paid by the first and second players remaining to the left.

This is the easiest to track and always rotates the button, but results in "missed blinds". For instance, a player "under the gun" when the player in the big blind busts out ends up paying the small blind; they have "missed" the big blind they would have paid had the leaving player remained in the game. Similarly, a player in the small blind who busts out means the player in the big blind gets the button, missing the small blind.

In the special case of three players in a tournament being reduced to the two-player showdown, any leftover blinds from other rules are "written off" and the Simplified method is used, with the player "on the button" paying the small blind.

Moving button: As in Simplified, the button moves to the left to the next active player, and the blinds move to the next two active players. However, any "missed blinds" are paid by the player whom they skipped as if they were due for the upcoming hand, with one blind paid per player, per hand, biggest blind first.

Any blind a player misses on a given hand because a bigger blind was due will be paid by the player in the following hand. This is the most complex ruleset to implement, especially if multiple players leave, but it is the fairest method overall in terms of paying all due blinds and rotating last action. Dead button: Spots vacated by leaving players who would pay the small blind or get the button during the next hand remain open for the purposes of shifting blinds and button.

Thus, the small blind may not be paid in the subsequent hand if the player due to pay the small blind has vacated the spot and, therefore, is considered "dead". However, there is always a big blind even if the spot is vacated by the player who is due to pay the big blind; in such case, the player seated to the left of the vacated spot pays the big blind. When the dealer button moves to an empty seat, it also is considered "dead", and the last active player before the empty seat retains the "privilege of last action" by default.

While simple in tournament formats and the most equitable in terms of paying blinds as due and when normally expected, it can result in inequitable strategic situations regarding last action, and becomes harder to track if the table is "open" players can come and go as in a casino.

In tournaments, the dead button and moving button rules are common replacement players are generally not a part of tournaments. Online cash games generally use the simplified moving button as other methods are more difficult to codify and can be abused by players constantly entering and leaving. Casino card rooms where players can come and go can use any of the three rulesets, though moving button is most common. When a player immediately takes the place of a player who leaves, the player may have the option to either pay the blinds in the leaving player's stead, in which case play continues as if the player never left, or to "sit out" until the button has moved past him, and thus the chair is effectively empty for purposes of the blinds.

Many card rooms do not allow new players to sit out as it is highly advantageous for the new player, both to watch one or more hands without obligation to play, and to enter the game in a very "late" position on their first hand they see all other player's actions except the dealer's. For these reasons, new players must often post a "live" big blind to enter regardless of their position at the table.

When there are only two players[ edit ] The normal rules for positioning the blinds do not apply when there are only two players at the table. The player on the button is always due the small blind, and the other player must pay the big blind.

The player on the button is therefore the first to act before the flop, but last to act for all remaining betting rounds. A special rule is also applied for placement of the button whenever the size of the table shrinks to two players. If three or more players are involved in a hand, and at the conclusion of the hand one or more players have busted out such that only two players remain for the next hand, the position of the button may need to be adjusted to begin heads-up play.

The big blind always continues moving, and then the button is positioned accordingly. For example, in a three-handed game, Alice is the button, Dianne is the small blind, and Carol is the big blind. If Alice busts out, the next hand Dianne will be the big blind, and the button will skip past Dianne and move to Carol.

On the other hand, if Carol busts out, Alice will be the big blind, Dianne will get the button and will have to pay the small blind for the second hand in a row. Main article: Kill game A kill blind is a special blind bet made by a player who triggers the kill in a kill game see below.

It is often twice the amount of the big blind or minimum bet known as a full kill , but can be 1. This blind is "live"; the player posting it normally acts last in the opening round after the other blinds, regardless of relative position at the table , and other players must call the amount of the kill blind to play. As any player can trigger a kill, there is the possibility that the player must post a kill blind when they are already due to pay one of the other blinds.

Rules vary on how this is handled. Bring-in[ edit ] A bring-in is a type of forced bet that occurs after the cards are initially dealt, but before any other action. One player, usually chosen by the value of cards dealt face up on the initial deal, is forced to open the betting by some small amount, after which players act after them in normal rotation.

Because of this random first action, bring-ins are usually used in games with an ante instead of structured blind bets. The bring-in is normally assigned on the first betting round of a stud poker game to the player whose upcards indicate the poorest hand. For example, in traditional high hand stud games and high-low split games, the player showing the lowest card pays the bring-in. In low hand games, the player with the highest card showing pays the bring-in.

The high card by suit order can be used to break ties, but more often the person closest to the dealer in order of rotation pays the bring-in. In most fixed-limit and some spread-limit games, the bring-in amount is less than the normal betting minimum often half of this minimum. The player forced to pay the bring-in may choose either to pay only what is required in which case it functions similarly to a small blind or to make a normal bet.

Players acting after a sub-minimum bring-in have the right to call the bring-in as it is, even though it is less than the amount they would be required to bet, or they may raise the amount needed to bring the current bet up to the normal minimum, called completing the bet. In a game where the bring-in is equal to the fixed bet this is rare and not recommended , the game must either allow the bring-in player to optionally come in for a raise, or else the bring-in must be treated as live in the same way as a blind, so that the player is guaranteed their right to raise on the first betting round the "option" if all other players call.

Post[ edit ] Some cash games, especially with blinds, require a new player to post when joining a game already in progress. Posting in this context means putting an amount equal to the big blind or the minimum bet into the pot before the deal. This amount is also called a "dead blind". The post is a "live" bet, meaning that the amount can be applied towards a call or raise when it is the player's turn to act.

If the player is not facing a raise when the action gets to them, they may also "check their option" as if they were in the big blind. A player who is away from their seat and misses one or more blinds is also required to post to reenter the game. In this case, the amount to be posted is the amount of the big or small blind, or both, at the time the player missed them.

If both must be posted immediately upon return, the big blind amount is "live", but the small blind amount is "dead", meaning that it cannot be considered in determining a call or raise amount by that player. Some house rules allow posting one blind per hand, largest first, meaning all posts of missed blinds are live. Posting is usually not required if the player who would otherwise post happens to be in the big blind.

This is because the advantage that would otherwise be gained by missing the blind, that of playing several hands before having to pay blinds, is not the case in this situation. It is therefore common for a new player to lock up a seat and then wait several hands before joining a table, or for a returning player to sit out several hands until the big blind comes back around, so that they may enter in the big blind and avoid paying the post.

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